CAS 7664-41-7 | TR-REACH

Includes:

Study name	Short Description	Data Owner
Phys-Chem \| Appearance/physical state/colour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Appearance/physical state/colour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Melting point/freezing point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The Merck Index \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Melting point/freezing point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index. \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Melting point/freezing point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Untitled \| Author: Postma S. \| Year: 1920 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Compressed Gases. \| Author: Anon \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 2006 \| Guideline: 103 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia aqueous: Chemical Laboratory Information Profile (CLIP) \| Author: Young J.A. \| Year: 2003 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook \| Author: Perry R.H. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Density	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Calculation of the density of anhydrous ammonia gas \| Author: Gries T. \| Year: 2018 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Density	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: Calculation of the density of anhydrous ammonia gas \| Author: Gries T. \| Year: 2018 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Particle size distribution (Granulometry)/Fibre length and diameter distribution	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Compressed Gases. \| Author: Anon \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Lange's Handbook of Chemistry \| Author: Lange N.A. \| Year: 1967 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals Data Compliation \| Author: Daubert T.E., Danner R.P. \| Year: 1989 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia aqueous: Chemical Laboratory Information Profile (CLIP) \| Author: Young J.A. \| Year: 2003 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Untitled \| Author: Perman E. P. \| Year: 1903 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Partition coefficient	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Partition coefficient	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Proposed EQS for Water Framework Directive Annex VIII substances: ammonia (un-ionised) \| Author: Johnson I. et al. \| Year: 2007 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Phys-Chem \| Surface tension	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Surface tension	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chemical Engineer's Handbook \| Author: Green D.W., Perry R.H. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index. \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Lange's Handbook of Chemistry \| Author: Dean J.A. \| Year: 1985 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index. \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Guideline: 105 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals \| Author: Verschueren K. \| Year: 1996 \| Guideline: 105 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Untitled \| Author: Postma S. \| Year: 1920 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability: Dissociation constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability: Dissociation constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 1999 \| Guideline: 112 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability: Dissociation constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chemical Properties of Aqua Ammonia \| Author: Not stated \| Year: 2010 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Viscosity	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Viscosity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Weast R.C. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Viscosity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chemical Engineer's Handbook \| Author: Green D.W., Perry R.H. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Flammability	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials \| Author: Quincy M.A. \| Year: 1997 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Flash point	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Flash point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia Solutions Explosivity \| Author: Dupont L. \| Year: 2009 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Auto-ignition temperature	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials \| Author: Quincy M.A. \| Year: 1997 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Explosive properties	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Oxidising properties	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Oxidation reduction potential	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Skin irritation / corrosion	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Data on the toxicologic characteristics of the single brief effect of ammonia on animals. \| Author: Prokop'eva A.S., Yushkov G.G., Ubasheev I.O. \| Year: 1973 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Skin irritation / corrosion	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity and skin corrosion data for some organic and inorganic compounds and aqueous solutions \| Author: Vernot E.H. et al. \| Year: 1977 \| Guideline: 404 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Skin irritation / corrosion	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Eye irritation	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Skin sensitisation	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Respiratory sensitisation	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The Results of Microbial Mutation Test for Forty Three Industrial Chemicals \| Author: Shimizu H. et al. \| Year: 1985 \| Guideline: 471 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Department of Toxicology Unpublished Report \| Author: BASF AG \| Year: 1989 \| Guideline: 471 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: Department of Toxicology Unpublished Report \| Author: BASF AG \| Year: 1989 \| Guideline: 471 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Special microbial systems II. Observations on chemical mutagenesis in microorganisms. \| Author: Szybalski W. \| Year: 1958 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| in vitro cytogenicity study in mammalian cells (CA)	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Genetic toxicity in vivo	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Micronucleus Tests in Mice on 39 Food Additives and Eight Miscellaneous Chemicals \| Author: Hayashi M. et al. \| Year: 1988 \| Guideline: 474 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The single dose toxicity of some glycols and derivates \| Author: Smyth H.F., Seaton J., Fischer L. \| Year: 1941 \| Guideline: 401 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: oral	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute inhalation toxicity study of ammonia in rats with variable exposure periods. \| Author: Appelman L.M., et al. \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute inhalation toxicity of ammonia in mice \| Author: Kapeghian J.C. et al. \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Data on the toxicologic characteristics of the single brief effect of ammonia on animals \| Author: Prokop'eva A.S. et al. \| Year: 1973 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Mechanisms of the toxic action of ammonia on the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract (an experimental study) \| Author: Gubeeva E.G. \| Year: 2012 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: dermal	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: other routes	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Basic toxicokinetics	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Localized and systemic effects of environmental ammonia in rats \| Author: Schaerdel A.D. et al. \| Year: 1983 \| Guideline: 417 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: [13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of ammonium sulfate in rats] \| Author: Takagi H. et al. \| Year: 1999 \| Guideline: 408 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of dietary administered ammonium sulfate in F344 rats. \| Author: Ota Y. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Guideline: 452 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of Atmospheric Ammonia on the Pig \| Author: Stombaugh D.P. et al. \| Year: 1969 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The role of environmental ammonia in respiratory mycoplasmosis of rats \| Author: Broderson J.R., Lindsey J.R., Crawford J.E. \| Year: 1976 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effets de l'inhalation continue d'ammoniac chez the rat et la souris. \| Author: Richard D., Bouley G., Boudene C. \| Year: 1978 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic toxicity of ammonia fumes by inhalation \| Author: Weatherby J.H. \| Year: 1952 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Die Einzel- und Komplexwirkung von Ammoniak und Schwefelwasserstoff in der Luft auf kleine versuchstiere (Ratten) bei unterschiedlichen Umweltbedingungen \| Author: Stolpe J., Sedlag R. \| Year: 1976 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: dermal	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: other routes	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Increase in postimplantation development of cultured mouse embryos by amino acids and induction of fetal retardation and exencephaly by ammonium ions. \| Author: Lane M., Gardner D.K. \| Year: 1994 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Growth and reproductive performance during expsure to ammonia of gilts afflicted with pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis \| Author: Diekman M.A. e al. \| Year: 1993 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Prenatal exposure of rats to ammonia impairs NMDA receptor function and affords delayed protection against ammonia toxicity and glutamate neurotoxicity \| Author: Minana M.D. et al. \| Year: 1995 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 631-61-8 \| EC 211-162-9 \| ammonium acetate)	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Salicylate intoxication and congenital abnormalities \| Author: Goldman A.S., Yakovac W.C. \| Year: 1964 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Oral (drinking water) developmental toxicity study of ammonium perchlorate in New Zealand White rabbits \| Author: York R.G. et al. \| Year: 2001 \| Guideline: 414 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7790-98-9 \| EC 232-235-1 \| ammonium perchlorate)	-
Toxicological \| Toxicity to reproduction	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Toxicity to reproduction	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Toxicity to reproduction	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Two-generation reproduction study of ammonium perchlorate in drinking water in rats evaluates thyroid toxicity. \| Author: York R.G. et al. \| Year: 2001 \| Guideline: 416 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7790-98-9 \| EC 232-235-1 \| ammonium perchlorate)	-
Toxicological \| Carcinogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: A possible promoter in Helicobacter pylori related gastric carcinogenesis. \| Author: Tsujii M. et al. \| Year: 1992 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Carcinogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Hydrazine, methylhydrazine and methyhydrazine sulfate carcinogenesis in Swiss mice \| Author: Toth B. \| Year: 1972 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Carcinogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of dietary administered ammonium sulfate in F344 rats. \| Author: Ota Y. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Guideline: 453 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| Health surveillance data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute and chronic respiratory effects of occupational exposure to ammonia \| Author: Holness D.G., Purdham J.T., Nethercott J.R. \| Year: 1989 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Anhydrous ammonia burns case report and review of the literature \| Author: Amshel C.E. et al. \| Year: 2000 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Laryngeal Sequelae Due to Accidental Inhalation of Anhydrous Ammonia \| Author: Cruz W., Bela da Fonseca M.C. \| Year: 2009 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Epidemiological data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Association of Petrochemical Exposure with Spontaneous Abortion \| Author: Xu X. et al. \| Year: 1998 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Human physiological response and adaptation to ammonia \| Author: Ferguson W.S. et al. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Physiological response of man to ammonia in low concentrations \| Author: Silverman L., Whittenberger J.L., Muller J. \| Year: 1949 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of ammonia in volunteers \| Author: Verberk M.M. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia Subcommittee on Ammonia. Committee on Medical and Biological Effects of Pollutants \| Author: National Research Council (NRC) \| Year: 1979 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity of ammonia to fathead minnows \| Author: Thurston R.V., Russo R.C., Philips G.R. \| Year: 1983 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effect of fluctuating exposures on the acute toxicity of ammonia to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and cutthroat trout (S. clarki) \| Author: Thurston R.V., Chakoumakos C., Russo R.C. \| Year: 1981 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of long-term exposure to ammonia on the developmental stages of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson). \| Author: Calamari D., Marchetti R., Vailati G. \| Year: 1981 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of sodium and calcium on acute toxicity of un-ionized ammonia to Atlantic salmon and lake trout \| Author: Soderberg & Meade \| Year: 1992 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity of ammonia to common carp (Cyprinus carpioL.). \| Author: Dabrowski H., Skiora H. \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to early stages of the green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus \| Author: McCormick J.H., Broderius S.J., Fiandt J.T. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute Toxicity to Ammonia to Rainbow Trout \| Author: Thurston R.V., Russo R.C. \| Year: 1983 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Survival size and emergence of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha alevins after short-term and long-term exposures to ammonia \| Author: Rice S.D., Bailey J.E. \| Year: 1980 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Site-specific acute and chronic toxicity of ammonia to Daphnia magna Straus \| Author: Gersich F.M., Hopkins D.L. \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Influence of pH on the toxicity of ammonia to Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus. \| Author: Schubauer-Berigan M.K. et al. \| Year: 1995 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of selected chemicals to certain animals \| Author: Dowden B.F., Bennett H.J. \| Year: 1965 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity evaluation of ammonium sulphate and urea to three developmental stages of freshwater snails \| Author: Tchounwou P.B., Englande A.J. Jr., Malek E.A. \| Year: 1991 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity evaluation of ammonium sulphate and urea to three developmental stages of freshwater snails \| Author: Tchounwou P.B., Englande A.J. Jr., Malek E.A. \| Year: 1991 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity testing with the tropical marine copepod Acaria sinjiensis: optimisation and application \| Author: Gissi F., Binet M., Adams M. \| Year: 2013 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effect of ammonia concentrations on growth of Chlorella vulgaris and nitrogen removal from media. \| Author: Tam N F.Y., Wong Y.S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: OECD GUIDELINES FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICALS Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria Growth Inhibition Test \| Author: OECD \| Year: 2011 \| Guideline: 201 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to microorganisms	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to microorganisms	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Nitrifikation - Grundlagen des Stoffwechsels und Probleme bei der Nutzung von Ammoniumoxidanten; Nitrification - Fundamentals of the Metabolism and Problems at the Use of Ammonia Oxidizers \| Author: Schmidt I., Gries T., Willuweit T. \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Survival size and emergence of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha alevins after short- and long-term exposures to ammonia. \| Author: Rice S.D., Bailey J.E. \| Year: 1980 \| Guideline: 210 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic exposure of channel catfish lctalurus punctatus to ammonia: Effects on growth and survival \| Author: Colt J., Tchobanoglous G. \| Year: 1978 \| Guideline: 215 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of prolonged exposure to ammonia on fertilized eggs and sac fry of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). \| Author: Burkhalter D.E., Kaya C.M. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to early life stages of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) \| Author: J.F. de L.G. Solbé, D.G. Shurben \| Year: 1989 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to early stages of the green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus \| Author: McCormick J.H., Broderius S.J., Fiandt J.T. \| Year: 1984 \| Guideline: 210 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic Toxicity of Ammonia to Early Life Stage Rainbow Trout \| Author: Brinkman S.F. et al. \| Year: 2009 \| Guideline: 210 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic Toxicity of Un-ionized Ammonia to Early Life-Stages of Endangered Colorado Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius) and Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus), compared to the Surrogate Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) \| Author: Fairchild J.F. et al. \| Year: 2005 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of Exposure to Ammonia on Sensitive Life Stages of Aquatic Organisms. \| Author: Reinbold R.A., Pescitelli S.M. \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The freshwater planarian Polycelis felina as a sensitive species to assess the long-term toxicity of ammonia \| Author: Alonso A., Camargo J. \| Year: 2011 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Impacts of un-ionized ammonia in digested piggery effluent on reproductive performance and longevity of Daphnia carinata and Moina australiensis \| Author: Leung J. et al. \| Year: 2011 \| Klimisch score: 4 - Not assignable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: An assessment of three harpacticoid copepod species for use in ecotoxicological testing \| Author: Ward D. et al. \| Year: 2011 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonium toxicity in eelgrass Zostera marina \| Author: Katwijk M.M. et al. \| Year: 1997 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Sediment toxicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity of ammonia to four species of marine amphipod \| Author: Kohn N.P. et al. \| Year: 1994 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Sediment toxicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Development and application of a sediment toxicity test using the benthic cladoceran Chydorus sphaericus \| Author: Dekker T. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Sediment toxicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Proposed EQS for Water Framework Directive Annex VIII substances: ammonia (un-ionised) \| Author: Johnson I. et al. \| Year: 2007 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil macro-organisms except arthropods	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil macro-organisms except arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Amendments to Soil as Nematode Suppressants \| Author: Rodriguez-Kabana R. \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil macro-organisms except arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Earthworm Populations Related to Soil and Fertilizer Management Practices \| Author: Deibert E.J., Utter R.A. \| Year: 1994 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of acid rain components on soil microarthropods: a field manipulation \| Author: Heneghan L., Bolger T. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia on soil arthropods (Acarina and Collembola) \| Author: Moursi A. A. \| Year: 1970 \| Klimisch score: 4 - Not assignable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world \| Author: Erisman J.W. et al. \| Year: 2008 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: NH4+ toxicity in higher plants: a critical review \| Author: Britto D.T., Kronzucker H.J. \| Year: 2002 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to plants \| Author: van der Eerden L.J.M. \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil microorganisms	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil microorganisms	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonium Toxicity in Bacteria \| Author: Müller T. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to birds	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Adsorption/desorption	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: PRIORITY SUBSTANCES LIST ASSESSMENT REPORT: Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment \| Author: Environment Canada \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia. Subcommittee on Ammonia. \| Author: National Research Council (NRC) \| Year: 1979 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Environmental Data and Organic Chemicals \| Author: Verschueren K. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Absolute rate constant for the reaction OH+NH3→NH2+H2O \| Author: Stuhl F. \| Year: 1973 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Kinetics of the reaction H+NH3 in the range 273-433K. \| Author: Diau E.W-G., Tso T-L Lee J. \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fate of ammonia in the atmosphere - a review for applicability to hazardous releases \| Author: Renard J.J., Calidonna S.E., Henley M.V. \| Year: 2004 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Hydrolysis	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in water: screening tests	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: PRIORITY SUBSTANCES LIST ASSESSMENT REPORT Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment \| Author: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in water: screening tests	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in water and sediment: simulation tests	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Formation of secondary air pollutants and their occurrence in Europe \| Author: Fuhrer J. \| Year: 1985 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acid precipitation: Effects on Forest and Fish \| Author: Overrein L.N. Seip H.M., Tollan A. Eds \| Year: 1980 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acidity rainfall in the United Kingdom \| Author: Warren Spring Laboratory \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in soil	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in soil	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia \| Author: Anon \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Bioaccumulation: aquatic/sediment	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Henry's law constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR AMMONIA \| Author: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES \| Year: 2004 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Monitoring data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Canadian Environmental Protection Act Priority Substances List II: Supporting Document for Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment. \| Author: Constable M. et al. \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Rate of loss of ammonia from water to the atmosphere \| Author: Weiler R.R. \| Year: 1979 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Some aspects of ammonia sorption by soil surfaces \| Author: Coffee R.C., Bartholomew W.V. \| Year: 1964 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Biogeochemistry: An analysis of Global Change \| Author: Schlesinger W.H. \| Year: 1991 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fate of nitrogen from fertilizer practises. \| Author: Wallingford G.W. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Updating the nitrogen cycle \| Author: Walsh L.M. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: PRIORITY SUBSTANCES LIST ASSESSMENT REPORT: Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment \| Author: Environment Canada \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-

Study name	Short Description	Data Owner
Phys-Chem \| Appearance/physical state/colour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Appearance/physical state/colour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Melting point/freezing point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The Merck Index \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Melting point/freezing point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index. \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Melting point/freezing point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Untitled \| Author: Postma S. \| Year: 1920 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Compressed Gases. \| Author: Anon \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 2006 \| Guideline: 103 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia aqueous: Chemical Laboratory Information Profile (CLIP) \| Author: Young J.A. \| Year: 2003 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Boiling point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook \| Author: Perry R.H. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Density	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Calculation of the density of anhydrous ammonia gas \| Author: Gries T. \| Year: 2018 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Density	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: Calculation of the density of anhydrous ammonia gas \| Author: Gries T. \| Year: 2018 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Particle size distribution (Granulometry)/Fibre length and diameter distribution	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Compressed Gases. \| Author: Anon \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Lange's Handbook of Chemistry \| Author: Lange N.A. \| Year: 1967 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals Data Compliation \| Author: Daubert T.E., Danner R.P. \| Year: 1989 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia aqueous: Chemical Laboratory Information Profile (CLIP) \| Author: Young J.A. \| Year: 2003 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Vapour pressure	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Untitled \| Author: Perman E. P. \| Year: 1903 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Partition coefficient	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Partition coefficient	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Proposed EQS for Water Framework Directive Annex VIII substances: ammonia (un-ionised) \| Author: Johnson I. et al. \| Year: 2007 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Phys-Chem \| Surface tension	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Surface tension	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chemical Engineer's Handbook \| Author: Green D.W., Perry R.H. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index. \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Lange's Handbook of Chemistry \| Author: Dean J.A. \| Year: 1985 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Merck Index. \| Author: Budavari S. \| Year: 1996 \| Guideline: 105 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals \| Author: Verschueren K. \| Year: 1996 \| Guideline: 105 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Phys-Chem \| Water solubility	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Untitled \| Author: Postma S. \| Year: 1920 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability: Dissociation constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability: Dissociation constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 1999 \| Guideline: 112 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability: Dissociation constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chemical Properties of Aqua Ammonia \| Author: Not stated \| Year: 2010 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Viscosity	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Viscosity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Weast R.C. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Viscosity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chemical Engineer's Handbook \| Author: Green D.W., Perry R.H. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Phys-Chem \| Flammability	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials \| Author: Quincy M.A. \| Year: 1997 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Flash point	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Flash point	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia Solutions Explosivity \| Author: Dupont L. \| Year: 2009 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Auto-ignition temperature	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials \| Author: Quincy M.A. \| Year: 1997 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Explosive properties	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Oxidising properties	Waiver	-
Phys-Chem \| Oxidation reduction potential	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics \| Author: Lide D.R. \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Phys-Chem \| Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Skin irritation / corrosion	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Data on the toxicologic characteristics of the single brief effect of ammonia on animals. \| Author: Prokop'eva A.S., Yushkov G.G., Ubasheev I.O. \| Year: 1973 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Skin irritation / corrosion	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity and skin corrosion data for some organic and inorganic compounds and aqueous solutions \| Author: Vernot E.H. et al. \| Year: 1977 \| Guideline: 404 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Skin irritation / corrosion	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Eye irritation	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Skin sensitisation	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Respiratory sensitisation	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The Results of Microbial Mutation Test for Forty Three Industrial Chemicals \| Author: Shimizu H. et al. \| Year: 1985 \| Guideline: 471 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Department of Toxicology Unpublished Report \| Author: BASF AG \| Year: 1989 \| Guideline: 471 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: Department of Toxicology Unpublished Report \| Author: BASF AG \| Year: 1989 \| Guideline: 471 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames)	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Special microbial systems II. Observations on chemical mutagenesis in microorganisms. \| Author: Szybalski W. \| Year: 1958 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| in vitro cytogenicity study in mammalian cells (CA)	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Genetic toxicity in vivo	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Micronucleus Tests in Mice on 39 Food Additives and Eight Miscellaneous Chemicals \| Author: Hayashi M. et al. \| Year: 1988 \| Guideline: 474 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The single dose toxicity of some glycols and derivates \| Author: Smyth H.F., Seaton J., Fischer L. \| Year: 1941 \| Guideline: 401 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: oral	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute inhalation toxicity study of ammonia in rats with variable exposure periods. \| Author: Appelman L.M., et al. \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute inhalation toxicity of ammonia in mice \| Author: Kapeghian J.C. et al. \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Data on the toxicologic characteristics of the single brief effect of ammonia on animals \| Author: Prokop'eva A.S. et al. \| Year: 1973 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Mechanisms of the toxic action of ammonia on the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract (an experimental study) \| Author: Gubeeva E.G. \| Year: 2012 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: dermal	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Acute toxicity: other routes	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Basic toxicokinetics	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Localized and systemic effects of environmental ammonia in rats \| Author: Schaerdel A.D. et al. \| Year: 1983 \| Guideline: 417 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: [13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of ammonium sulfate in rats] \| Author: Takagi H. et al. \| Year: 1999 \| Guideline: 408 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: oral	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of dietary administered ammonium sulfate in F344 rats. \| Author: Ota Y. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Guideline: 452 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of Atmospheric Ammonia on the Pig \| Author: Stombaugh D.P. et al. \| Year: 1969 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The role of environmental ammonia in respiratory mycoplasmosis of rats \| Author: Broderson J.R., Lindsey J.R., Crawford J.E. \| Year: 1976 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effets de l'inhalation continue d'ammoniac chez the rat et la souris. \| Author: Richard D., Bouley G., Boudene C. \| Year: 1978 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic toxicity of ammonia fumes by inhalation \| Author: Weatherby J.H. \| Year: 1952 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Die Einzel- und Komplexwirkung von Ammoniak und Schwefelwasserstoff in der Luft auf kleine versuchstiere (Ratten) bei unterschiedlichen Umweltbedingungen \| Author: Stolpe J., Sedlag R. \| Year: 1976 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: dermal	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Repeated dose toxicity: other routes	Waiver	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Increase in postimplantation development of cultured mouse embryos by amino acids and induction of fetal retardation and exencephaly by ammonium ions. \| Author: Lane M., Gardner D.K. \| Year: 1994 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Growth and reproductive performance during expsure to ammonia of gilts afflicted with pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis \| Author: Diekman M.A. e al. \| Year: 1993 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Prenatal exposure of rats to ammonia impairs NMDA receptor function and affords delayed protection against ammonia toxicity and glutamate neurotoxicity \| Author: Minana M.D. et al. \| Year: 1995 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 631-61-8 \| EC 211-162-9 \| ammonium acetate)	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Salicylate intoxication and congenital abnormalities \| Author: Goldman A.S., Yakovac W.C. \| Year: 1964 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Toxicological \| Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Oral (drinking water) developmental toxicity study of ammonium perchlorate in New Zealand White rabbits \| Author: York R.G. et al. \| Year: 2001 \| Guideline: 414 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7790-98-9 \| EC 232-235-1 \| ammonium perchlorate)	-
Toxicological \| Toxicity to reproduction	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Toxicity to reproduction	*Right to refer to study* -- Title: DAP: 4-Week General Toxicity and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test \| Author: Huntingdon Life Sciences \| Year: 2002 \| Guideline: 422 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: Y. Read-Across (CAS 7783-28-0 \| EC 231-987-8 \| Diammonium phosphate (DAP); diammonium hydrogen phosphate)	-
Toxicological \| Toxicity to reproduction	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Two-generation reproduction study of ammonium perchlorate in drinking water in rats evaluates thyroid toxicity. \| Author: York R.G. et al. \| Year: 2001 \| Guideline: 416 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7790-98-9 \| EC 232-235-1 \| ammonium perchlorate)	-
Toxicological \| Carcinogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: A possible promoter in Helicobacter pylori related gastric carcinogenesis. \| Author: Tsujii M. et al. \| Year: 1992 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Carcinogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Hydrazine, methylhydrazine and methyhydrazine sulfate carcinogenesis in Swiss mice \| Author: Toth B. \| Year: 1972 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Carcinogenicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of dietary administered ammonium sulfate in F344 rats. \| Author: Ota Y. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Guideline: 453 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Toxicological \| Health surveillance data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute and chronic respiratory effects of occupational exposure to ammonia \| Author: Holness D.G., Purdham J.T., Nethercott J.R. \| Year: 1989 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Toxicological \| Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Anhydrous ammonia burns case report and review of the literature \| Author: Amshel C.E. et al. \| Year: 2000 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Laryngeal Sequelae Due to Accidental Inhalation of Anhydrous Ammonia \| Author: Cruz W., Bela da Fonseca M.C. \| Year: 2009 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Epidemiological data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Association of Petrochemical Exposure with Spontaneous Abortion \| Author: Xu X. et al. \| Year: 1998 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Human physiological response and adaptation to ammonia \| Author: Ferguson W.S. et al. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Physiological response of man to ammonia in low concentrations \| Author: Silverman L., Whittenberger J.L., Muller J. \| Year: 1949 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of ammonia in volunteers \| Author: Verberk M.M. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Toxicological \| Exposure-related observations in humans: other data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia Subcommittee on Ammonia. Committee on Medical and Biological Effects of Pollutants \| Author: National Research Council (NRC) \| Year: 1979 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity of ammonia to fathead minnows \| Author: Thurston R.V., Russo R.C., Philips G.R. \| Year: 1983 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effect of fluctuating exposures on the acute toxicity of ammonia to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and cutthroat trout (S. clarki) \| Author: Thurston R.V., Chakoumakos C., Russo R.C. \| Year: 1981 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of long-term exposure to ammonia on the developmental stages of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson). \| Author: Calamari D., Marchetti R., Vailati G. \| Year: 1981 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of sodium and calcium on acute toxicity of un-ionized ammonia to Atlantic salmon and lake trout \| Author: Soderberg & Meade \| Year: 1992 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity of ammonia to common carp (Cyprinus carpioL.). \| Author: Dabrowski H., Skiora H. \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to early stages of the green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus \| Author: McCormick J.H., Broderius S.J., Fiandt J.T. \| Year: 1984 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute Toxicity to Ammonia to Rainbow Trout \| Author: Thurston R.V., Russo R.C. \| Year: 1983 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Survival size and emergence of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha alevins after short-term and long-term exposures to ammonia \| Author: Rice S.D., Bailey J.E. \| Year: 1980 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Site-specific acute and chronic toxicity of ammonia to Daphnia magna Straus \| Author: Gersich F.M., Hopkins D.L. \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Influence of pH on the toxicity of ammonia to Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus. \| Author: Schubauer-Berigan M.K. et al. \| Year: 1995 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of selected chemicals to certain animals \| Author: Dowden B.F., Bennett H.J. \| Year: 1965 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity evaluation of ammonium sulphate and urea to three developmental stages of freshwater snails \| Author: Tchounwou P.B., Englande A.J. Jr., Malek E.A. \| Year: 1991 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity evaluation of ammonium sulphate and urea to three developmental stages of freshwater snails \| Author: Tchounwou P.B., Englande A.J. Jr., Malek E.A. \| Year: 1991 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity testing with the tropical marine copepod Acaria sinjiensis: optimisation and application \| Author: Gissi F., Binet M., Adams M. \| Year: 2013 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effect of ammonia concentrations on growth of Chlorella vulgaris and nitrogen removal from media. \| Author: Tam N F.Y., Wong Y.S. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: OECD GUIDELINES FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICALS Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria Growth Inhibition Test \| Author: OECD \| Year: 2011 \| Guideline: 201 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: key study. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to microorganisms	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to microorganisms	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Nitrifikation - Grundlagen des Stoffwechsels und Probleme bei der Nutzung von Ammoniumoxidanten; Nitrification - Fundamentals of the Metabolism and Problems at the Use of Ammonia Oxidizers \| Author: Schmidt I., Gries T., Willuweit T. \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Survival size and emergence of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha alevins after short- and long-term exposures to ammonia. \| Author: Rice S.D., Bailey J.E. \| Year: 1980 \| Guideline: 210 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic exposure of channel catfish lctalurus punctatus to ammonia: Effects on growth and survival \| Author: Colt J., Tchobanoglous G. \| Year: 1978 \| Guideline: 215 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of prolonged exposure to ammonia on fertilized eggs and sac fry of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). \| Author: Burkhalter D.E., Kaya C.M. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to early life stages of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) \| Author: J.F. de L.G. Solbé, D.G. Shurben \| Year: 1989 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to early stages of the green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus \| Author: McCormick J.H., Broderius S.J., Fiandt J.T. \| Year: 1984 \| Guideline: 210 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic Toxicity of Ammonia to Early Life Stage Rainbow Trout \| Author: Brinkman S.F. et al. \| Year: 2009 \| Guideline: 210 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to fish	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Chronic Toxicity of Un-ionized Ammonia to Early Life-Stages of Endangered Colorado Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius) and Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus), compared to the Surrogate Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) \| Author: Fairchild J.F. et al. \| Year: 2005 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of Exposure to Ammonia on Sensitive Life Stages of Aquatic Organisms. \| Author: Reinbold R.A., Pescitelli S.M. \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 12125-02-9 \| EC 235-186-4 \| ammonium chloride)	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: The freshwater planarian Polycelis felina as a sensitive species to assess the long-term toxicity of ammonia \| Author: Alonso A., Camargo J. \| Year: 2011 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Impacts of un-ionized ammonia in digested piggery effluent on reproductive performance and longevity of Daphnia carinata and Moina australiensis \| Author: Leung J. et al. \| Year: 2011 \| Klimisch score: 4 - Not assignable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: An assessment of three harpacticoid copepod species for use in ecotoxicological testing \| Author: Ward D. et al. \| Year: 2011 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonium toxicity in eelgrass Zostera marina \| Author: Katwijk M.M. et al. \| Year: 1997 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Sediment toxicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acute toxicity of ammonia to four species of marine amphipod \| Author: Kohn N.P. et al. \| Year: 1994 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Sediment toxicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Development and application of a sediment toxicity test using the benthic cladoceran Chydorus sphaericus \| Author: Dekker T. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Sediment toxicity	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Proposed EQS for Water Framework Directive Annex VIII substances: ammonia (un-ionised) \| Author: Johnson I. et al. \| Year: 2007 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil macro-organisms except arthropods	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil macro-organisms except arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Amendments to Soil as Nematode Suppressants \| Author: Rodriguez-Kabana R. \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil macro-organisms except arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Earthworm Populations Related to Soil and Fertilizer Management Practices \| Author: Deibert E.J., Utter R.A. \| Year: 1994 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Effects of acid rain components on soil microarthropods: a field manipulation \| Author: Heneghan L., Bolger T. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia on soil arthropods (Acarina and Collembola) \| Author: Moursi A. A. \| Year: 1970 \| Klimisch score: 4 - Not assignable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies \| GLP: N. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world \| Author: Erisman J.W. et al. \| Year: 2008 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence \| GLP: N.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: NH4+ toxicity in higher plants: a critical review \| Author: Britto D.T., Kronzucker H.J. \| Year: 2002 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to terrestrial plants	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Toxicity of ammonia to plants \| Author: van der Eerden L.J.M. \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 3 - Not reliable \| Adequacy: disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies.	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil microorganisms	Waiver	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to soil microorganisms	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonium Toxicity in Bacteria \| Author: Müller T. et al. \| Year: 2006 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: weight of evidence. Read-Across (CAS 7783-20-2 \| EC 231-984-1 \| Ammonium sulphate)	-
Eco-Tox \| Toxicity to birds	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Adsorption/desorption	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: PRIORITY SUBSTANCES LIST ASSESSMENT REPORT: Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment \| Author: Environment Canada \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia. Subcommittee on Ammonia. \| Author: National Research Council (NRC) \| Year: 1979 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Handbook of Environmental Data and Organic Chemicals \| Author: Verschueren K. \| Year: 1996 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Absolute rate constant for the reaction OH+NH3→NH2+H2O \| Author: Stuhl F. \| Year: 1973 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study \| GLP: N.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Kinetics of the reaction H+NH3 in the range 273-433K. \| Author: Diau E.W-G., Tso T-L Lee J. \| Year: 1990 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Phototransformation in air	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fate of ammonia in the atmosphere - a review for applicability to hazardous releases \| Author: Renard J.J., Calidonna S.E., Henley M.V. \| Year: 2004 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Hydrolysis	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in water: screening tests	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: PRIORITY SUBSTANCES LIST ASSESSMENT REPORT Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment \| Author: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 1 - Reliable without restriction \| Adequacy: weight of evidence.	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in water: screening tests	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in water and sediment: simulation tests	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Formation of secondary air pollutants and their occurrence in Europe \| Author: Fuhrer J. \| Year: 1985 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acid precipitation: Effects on Forest and Fish \| Author: Overrein L.N. Seip H.M., Tollan A. Eds \| Year: 1980 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Acidity rainfall in the United Kingdom \| Author: Warren Spring Laboratory \| Year: 1982 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in soil	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Biodegradation in soil	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Ammonia \| Author: Anon \| Year: 1986 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Bioaccumulation: aquatic/sediment	Waiver	-
Environmental \| Henry's law constant	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR AMMONIA \| Author: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES \| Year: 2004 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Monitoring data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Canadian Environmental Protection Act Priority Substances List II: Supporting Document for Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment. \| Author: Constable M. et al. \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Rate of loss of ammonia from water to the atmosphere \| Author: Weiler R.R. \| Year: 1979 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Some aspects of ammonia sorption by soil surfaces \| Author: Coffee R.C., Bartholomew W.V. \| Year: 1964 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: key study \| GLP: N.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Biogeochemistry: An analysis of Global Change \| Author: Schlesinger W.H. \| Year: 1991 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Fate of nitrogen from fertilizer practises. \| Author: Wallingford G.W. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: Updating the nitrogen cycle \| Author: Walsh L.M. \| Year: 1977 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-
Environmental \| Other distribution data	*Robust Study Summary* -- Title: PRIORITY SUBSTANCES LIST ASSESSMENT REPORT: Ammonia in the Aquatic Environment \| Author: Environment Canada \| Year: 1999 \| Klimisch score: 2 - Reliable with restrictions \| Adequacy: supporting study.	-

CAS 7664-41-7 | Data Package > 1000 t/a

Includes: